July 1928

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUBERT WORK, SECRETARY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE STEPHEN T. MATHER, DIRECTOR YOSEMITE NATURE NOTES VOL. VII JULY, 1928 NO.7 "LEARN `IC) READ THE TRAIL SIDE"

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This is the official publication of the Educational Department of Yosemite National Park. It is published each month by the National Park Service with the cooperation of the Yosemite Natural History Association, and its purpose is to supply dependable information on the natural history and scientific features of Yosemite National Park. The articles published herein are not copyrighted as it is intended that they shall be freely used by the press. Communications should be addressed to C. P. Russell, Park Naturalist, Yosemite National Park, California.

E. P. LEAVITT

Acting Superintendent

YOSEMITE NATURE NOTES THE PUBLICATION OF THE YOSEMITE EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT AND THE YOSEMITE NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION

I'ublished monthly Volume V lI July, 1928 Number 7

GLEANINGS ALONG THE TRAILS IN 1928 YELLOW-SPOTTED SALAMANDER FOUND

On June 2, a group of university lare county at elevations up to entomological students, while turn6300 feet in Tulare county. Several ing over some slabs of bark near specimens of the Yellow-spotted the head of Yosemite falls (6800 Salamander were collected at Fern feet), discovered a Yellow-spotted Spring, Yosemite valley, during the Salamander (Ensatina corroceator). summer of 1925. The same summer This species of salamander was deother specimens were collected near scribed as coming from California Taft Point on the. Pohono Trail in 1867. But it is so rare that little along the south rim. This latest has been added during the fifty specimen indicates a distribution on years since its discovery to its disthe floor of the valley and on both tribution, life history or habits. the north and the south rims at Records to date show a distribution elevations above 6000 feet.—H. C. along the west slope of the Sierra Bryant. Nevada from Placer county to TuBANDED GROSBEAK RETURNS Several years ago, nature guides grosbeak winters in Mexico, this banded some baby grosbeaks in particular bird must have made two Camp 6 on the floor of the Yosemite round trips of a thousand miles or valley. Last year a handsome blackso, returning each time to the same headed grosbeak, with a band on general locality in Yosemite valley. its left leg, came regularly to the Continued observation of this bird feeding table of Mrs. Ruth K. will add something to the knowKnowles in Camp 17. Again this ledge of age attained by birds of year the same bird is a constant this kind.—H. C. B. visitor. Since the black-headed 4Q

BABY ELK ARRIVE

Welcome the addition of three The herd was established in Yofine calves to Yosemite's herd of semite at the instance of the CaliDwarf elk. Their arrival in the fornia Academy of Sciences in an last week of April was the occasion effort to save the Dwarf or Tul€ for much excited comment among elk from almost certain extinction the local wags on the porch of the And they prospered well in the valRangers' Club. The latter vantage ley's rich meadows. Yet the inpoint has a commanding view of crease has been slow. Usually no the elk paddock. more than two calves have apThe babies seem to thrive wonpeared each season, a number derfully. Already at the end of which would seem too low even their first month of existence they though our life history knowledge are following their mothers everyof this species is very meager. where. Moreover, they look to be a The advent of three calves in the quarter the size of their parents. spring of 1928 is an encouraging No wonder they are making such. sign. It is to be hoped that at least progress, for they graze incessantly two of them are females, as there and regale themselves on mother's were already nine bulls in the herd ni.'k between times. of sixteen elk. George M. Wright

CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD AT OLD STAND

The class of nearly forty bird stuCalliope hummingbird, smallest of dents who went afield on WednesCalifornia hummingbirds, was day. June 13, under instruction of perched on the same twig the bird a nature guide saw and heard has occupied in past years. One twenty-six different birds on a twowonders where the bird spent the hour walk. The best experience of winter and how it finds its way the morning included the finding of back to the same location year the nests of the Traill flycatcher, after year. It is by inference that Tolmie warbler, Blackheaded grosclaim is made that the same bird beak, Western robin, Rough-winged comes back to the old stand" year swallow and Cassin Vireo, the loafter year, but the banding of birds eating of a Western flycatcher and certainly lends support to this view. of a Calliope hummingbird. The --H. C. B.

PILEATED WOODPECKER HAS REGULAR BEAT

The past week a Pileated wooddead oak limb, with resounding pecker, largest of American woodblows the bird sent sizeable chips peckers, has foraged on the talus falling to the ground. The long along the south wall of Yosemite neck and two-inch bill enable this Valley. With surprising regularity woodpecker to tear dead trees to.ris loud call notifies late sleepers pieces rapidly in its search for that it is 7 o'clock and that this woodborers. Either the sight or giant of woodpeckers is covering the sound of the Pileated woodche same ground morning after pecker stirs a bird student to enmorning. Discovered working on a ru-un. H. C. B.

ANGLERS CATCH FISH

Splendid catches or fish are belast week took four kinds of trout ing made daily in the Merced river, in streams near Merced Lake—rainAmateurs are beginning to catch bow, Eastern brook, brown, and their trout on flies, and the mudblack-spotted. holes, so systematically turned Two weeks ago thousands of over for worms, will get a rest. A Loch Leven trout over a year old few weeks ago all the good catches were planted in the Merced river were made below the power house; near the hatchery. These nad been now good catches are being made held over in tanks purposely that on the floor of the valley. Parties they might be sizable fish before returning from Merced Lake rebeing planted. Other trout of this port fine fly fishing in Washburn species are to be planted this week. and Babcock Lakes. One angler —H. C. B.

NESTLINGS

At this time of the year in Yopast week one of the nature guides semite many young birds are leavfound a young robin which had ing their nests and, while learning been placed in a grosbeak's nest to fly and care for themselves, are containing four young grosbeaks. being fed by their parents. YosemThe best method of insuring proper ite visitors often find these young care for young birds out of the birds on the ground and, thinking nest is to leave them where found. that they have fallen from the nest Parent birds probably know where and have been deserted by their they are and will bring food to parents, try to care for them in them and care for them as their one way or another. During the bird instinct directs.—M. B. N.

NESTING SEASON HAS ARRIVED IN YOSEMITE

visitors to Yosemite are awaiters are already feeding young beened early these days by the loud hind a pillar on the studio porch at hinging of the Black-headed grosCamp Curry. A robin has built in beak and the Western robin. Both the pine tree above the office. In tune up with the coming of daythe old apple orchard are four light. A field Warbling and Cassin robin nests, two Warbling vireo vireos sing incessantly, the former nests, a chipping sparrow nest and fourteen times a minute. In the numerous nests of the Black-headwillows along the streams the songs ed grosbeak. Juncos are already of Yellow warblers and Russetfeeding young in their well-hidden hacked thrush are noted. From the nests on the ground. From now on canyon walls come the notes of tire most of the birds seen will be ca: Canyon wren. Singing male birds rying food in their bills. This i.. of each species seem equally spaced nesting season for Yosemite birds, each proclaiming himself ruler of a busy time, an interesting time his territory. A sea rch for nests is for bird students and those who rewarding. A pair of Sierra creepfollow the nature guides :--H. C. B.

BIG TREES OF MARIPOSA GROVE HAVE HEALTHY YOUNG REPRODUCTION

By William C. Godfrey To the eye of the average visitor the Mariposa Grove sometime durin the Big Tree Grove a tree is only ing the early sixties. another tree until we find a few Throughout this pine forest, from cars parked near the huge, towerthe lower side of the Upper Grove, ing trunk of one of the more promior from the Faith Couple, north for next ones. These huge trunks, with about one-half mile, a cover of Mancolor contrasting against the darkzanita has grown to an impeneer background of the fir and pine trable brush forest. Advanced reforests, make them easy to dieproduction of pine and fir has retinguish from other trees of the suited in young trees extending tops more common variety, so much, in through this brush. Among them, fact, that it does not require a and so numerous as to conceal trained eye to locate the Sequoia them, are the prominent tops of Gigantea while driving along the young Sequoias, which seem to have road through the grove. reached a greater height than their On account of the height from neighbors. These young trees vary the ground to the first limb of in height from eight to about thirty these great giants of the forest, it feet and in more favored marshy is not easy for the eye to get an localities have attained a greater impression of the scaly foliage of height. They are to be found neartheir well-balanced crowns; therely half a mile from an evident seed fore, many people fail to recognize tree. the young trees that are found It may be of interest to note the growing along the road, under and growth of some of these young Sefar beyond the parent trees. These quoias as taken from an actual baby Sequoias, the natural reprocount of annual rings on twelve of deletion of the Big Tree, ranging in forty-eight trees that have been age from 1 to about 30 years, and standing since they were killed in height from 4 inches to 5 feet., through recent construction of the are to be found in younger forests new road through the Lower Grove. on both sides of the road through These dead young trees were cut off Maripesa Grove, and although squarely at the ground by the young trees of the pine family are writer. They range in size from 26 found growing among them, the inches in height and five-eighths of reproduction of the Sequoia greatly an inch in diameter to forty-eight outnumbers the other species. inches in height and one and oneSurvivors of Last Bad Fire eighth inches in diameter, and in On the east side of that section age from fifteen to twenty-four known as the Lower Grove is found years. a typical pine forest of a few scatCone Produced by tering trees that seem to have stir16-Year-Old Sequoia vived a severe forest fire a number One of these young trees, having of years ago. Possibly this is the sixteen annual rings, had reached fire referred to in records as the a height of twenty-eight inches and last destructive fire to have entered a diameter growth of eleven-six-

teenths of an inch. It had prohave indications of an attempt to duced a seed cone well toward the heal over the wound and to have top, which was securely attached to died possibly during the year folits little trunk. lowing. Reference has been made to the A great number of younger trees Sequoia Gigantea having produced in the same locality that had reach seed cones at the age of twenty ed a height of four inches had prob years, where such trees have been ably been trampled down by woe k found to grow to most favorable tohorses, as they show signs of hav calities The cone-bearing tree re-log been slightly girdled, but not to

ferred to here had grown in most the extent that would seem beyond unfavorable surroundings, as evirecuperation to trees of this size denced by its stunted growth, in a and age in other cone-bearing varieshaded spot where it was unable to ties. obtain sufficient light to stimulate In conclusion, it may be said that average growth. the Sequoias of the Mariposa Grove are reproducing vigorously. In gen Of the forty-eight trees that died era], it would seem that these oldfrom injuries received during road est living things may be expected construction, few seem to have to hold their own in their present been severely injured. and those restricted range, provided the dethat suffered the greatest injury structicve hand of man is stayed.. he Sky Pilot or Polemonium blooms gloriously on the barren Arctic ledges of the Sierra crest

THE SKY PILOT

By George M. Wright Sky Pilot, Jacob's Ladder and At increasingly great elevations Greek Valerian are various popular plants become smaller as to leaf names for the beautiful Polemoniand stature with a corresponding urn (Polemonium eximum Greene) increase in size and brilliance of the which has won fame as a mountain flowering parts. The Sky Pilot in climber. contrast to other lower inhabiting A certain romance attaches to Polemoniums illustrates this princithose living things which struggle pie very emphatically. up the Alpine heights or maintain The first glimpse of this flower themselves triumphantly in the face among the gray granite rocks is of rigorous Arctic conditions. So fairly breath-taking. For the large civilization gives its applause to exheads of closely clustered flowers plovers in the Far North, to scalers appear far too delicate to survive of the highest peaks, to the cony the rigors of such exposed situawhich lays in its winter hay above tions. The intense sky blue color 10,000 feet, to the rosy finch, which seems to have been obtained directraises its family among the rocks, ly from above. Could the Sky Pilots and to the glorious Polemonium have climbed the heights just to which makes a wondrous color discatch the pure reflection of heavenplay amid all the barrenness of the ly blue?—George M. Wright. Sierra's lofty crest.

SIERRA MARMOT AT MERCED LAKE

By Harold C. Bryant The home life of the Sierra Marin the rocks and brush and then remot was studied by a nature guide appear within fifteen feet, appar party at Merced Lake on June 16-17 ently to investigate the noise JudgFour little fellows were first desing by the size of the young, they covered playing about the rocks on had been out of the burrow for soy the afternoon of June 16. The next eral weeks. morning at the same place two titThe young are said to be about tle ones were found playing about one-fourth grown by the middle of the rocks, and the old mother was July. seen sunning herself on the rock The dark colored face of the Siabove, keeping guard. The young erra Marmot, contrasted with the were lighter colored than the adult, reddish brown body color, makes it and their bodies, exclusive of tail, look dirty about the face. This was were about eight inches long Much so apparent to the crowd of watch less agile than other members of ers that one of them suggested the the squirrel family, the young move name "dirty face." about slowly over the rocks. When A little farther along the trail, anI gave a screeping sound, the old other marmot was seen to carry one became curious, and by remaina branch of a white fir into its buring still, the crowd had the pleasrow. whether for food or for vesture of seeing the mother disappear ing mutt( rlrrl is not known.- H. C. B.

YOSEMITE SCHOOL OE FIELD NATURAL HISTORY, CLASS OF 1928

Rv W C. Bryant The 1928 class of the Yosemite other's experiences. One student School of Field Natural History has traveled across the continent from begun its work. On the opening west Virginia by automobile to atday class time was devoted to a tend the school; another already in discussion of motives methods and park work in Colorado, came to acgeneral policies of the school. As quire additional training. Several usual, a splendid spirit is in eviseek training helpful in handling dente, as these students undertake nature work in summer camps; to familiarize themselves with the many are teachers who seek better living things of the park and with equipment for teaching. Four diftrip afield convinced that that there ferent students have a background are numerous interesting things of training in biological stations: along a Yosemite trailside; the list Woods Hole, Hopkins Marine and of birds seen and heard totaled Puget Sound. Since the majority twenty-six for the morning. The of students come from widely sepasecond day was devoted to a disrated cities in California, the ideals eussion of the geographical distriof the school will be widely scatbution of plant and animal life. The tered when they return home after next three days the school will be seven weeks spent in study of the In charge of Dr. Ralph Chaney of fauna and flora of the Sierra the Carnegie Institution and of the Nevada. University of California, who will During the absence of Dr. H. C. emphasize the life of the past as Bryant, director of the school, M. furnished by the records left in the B. Nichols will be in charge of the rocks. Later another visiting scienwork. tlit, Dr. Burk of the United States The 1928 class includes: ISnreau of Entomology, will have Ruth E. Ashton, box 543, Estes charge of the work on insects. Park, Colo. Other subjects covered in the Dorothy Barbery, 5253 Twentycourse will include geology, zoology Second avenue, Sacramento. And botany; in each instance field George W. Belden, Montezuma Work Is emphasized. Mountain School for Boys, Los The students are housed in a cit.- Gatos. ele of tents in camp 7. By living Elizabeth Byrkitt, Chatsworth. together in a group, better spirit is Margaret Byrkitt, Chatsworth. developed, and they profit by eneh Pool ( :henoweth, 2729 Chestnut

street, Oakland. Redlands. Elizabeth D. Crow,

Yale Anna Lowrey, 1325 North Hunter street, Claremont. street, Stockton. Frances J. Curtis, 255 East C Jeannette Parkinson, 235 East E street, Colton. street, Colton. Meta S. Daniel, 604 West Fifth Harold E. Perry, 1700 West street, Santa Ana. Thirty-Ninth place, Los Angeles. Dorothy M. Hock, Muir Technical Mrs. Harold E. Perry, 1700 West High School, Pasadena. Thirty-Ninth place, Los Angeles. J. B. Herschler, 2310 Clement aveOlive Fawcott Pye, 1316 North nue, Parkersburg, W. Va. Bronson avenue, Hollywood. Ruth A. Hoerl, 1126 South StanisJames S. Smith, 1546 Tenth avelaus street, Stockton. nue, San Francisco. Eva Mayo Hyde, 337 Grant street, Florence Sumner, La Jolla.

MEMBERS OF THE YOSEMITE SCHOOL OF FIELD NATURAL HISTORY USE THE GREAT OUTDOOR LABORATORIES OLD HORNY'S SKULL EXHIBITED

By C. P. Russell One of the prized possessions of Horny's rhinocerous-like horn grew the Yosemite Museum is the skull from the nasal bone, and for that of the three-antlered buck which reason the exhibit has unusual has already been given extended scientific value as well as popular notice in "Yosemite Nature Notes." appeal. It is contrary to our policy to "play The specimen was made available up" freaks, but Old Horny's skull by Chief Ranger Townsley, and is more than a freak. Here. prethrough the generosity of E. R. sumably is the only instance of a Hooker, an excellent plate glass exsupernumerary antler that has been hibit case has been supplied, in produced by a skeletal member which the skull is properly and other than the frontal bones. Old safely exhibited.

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NATURE GUIDE TRIPS IN 1928

By C. P. Russell The first field trip offered Yoed in the nature guide work consemite visitors of 1928 was conducted by the Yosemite Educationducted by H. C. Bryant, May 22. al Department in 1928. They are: Fifty individuals responded to the C. P. Russell, park naturalist. invitation to go afield with this George M. Wright, assistant well known naturalist and learn park naturalist. first hand of the multitude of 1ivH. C. Bryant, director, Yosemite ing things to be encountered along School of Field Natural History. the trail-side. An ever-growing Enid Michael, nature guide. number of National Park visitors M. B. Nichols, nature guide. are coming to a realization of the Robert Hays, nature guide. fact that their mountain trips are C. A. Harwell, nature guide. more pleasurable if they can interC. H. Oneal, nature guide. pret some of the manifestations of Ralph Teall, nature guide. nature. Such interpretations are L. J. Henrich, nature guide. made possible by the instruction in Mabel Hibbard, nature guide for nature study offered by the Nationchildren. al Park Service. A full schedule of field trips and Eleven naturalists will be engagevening lectures was inaugurated June 1.

MARIPOSA GROVE HAS GUIDE SERVICE

By C. P. Russell A long desired extension of the Grizzly Giant every morning and Yosemite educational work has mathere imparts to thousands the lerialized. Ranger-Naturalist Willsignificance of this most ancient lam Godfrey is tationed at the living thing. When the heavily Mariposa Grove of Big Trees for laden stages arrive at the Big the purpose of aiding visitors in Trees Lodge, Mr. Godfrey delivers understanding something of the a lecture on the Sequoia. These mysteries of the Sequoia. interesting talks are given out-ofA temporary museum exhibit has doors, among the towering giants been installed at the ranger headthemselves. In the afternoon visquarters, and the enthusiasm with itors have opportunity to stop at which tourists study these few the ranger station and talk with specimens signifies that a permanthe ranger-naturalist at his collecent collection should be maintained ton of Big Tree specimens. Governnt. this outpost. For the present; a meet literature on the Sequoia, as tent museum must suffice, but the well as verbal explanations, are eventual construction of a suitable dispensed here. This new work Big Trees branch of the Yosemite Promises to take a place of first museum is planned. importance among the activities of mi.. Godfrey ine pt, visitors at the (he Yosemite educational department. ---C. P. R.

SPECIAL SERVICES TO ORGANIZATIONS

By Robert P. Hays One important phase of the Yotion that no finer introduction to semite National Park nature guide these trees and the natural history work, which perhaps has not been of the region could be made? given its full share of stress, is our In Yosemite valley a splendid attempt to offer to all organizations camping ground was fitted up by of young people ample opportunity the Yosemite Park and Curry Corato enjoy and share the knowledge pany, located at Camp 9 on Tenaya of the scenic wonders and points of creek, where most of the boys' ornatural history of the Yosemite Naganizations are allowed to camp, tional Park and the surrounding more or less unmolested by tourists. country. Here the boys' brigade found campThroughout the summer any ing much to their liking, as was aftnumber of splendid organizations, erwards disclosed by several leaders including Boy Scouts, Camp Fire of the outfit. The men in charge Girls, church and outing clubs visit could not speak too highly about the Yosemite valley, taking back the treatment received by them with them a memory of things while in the park. beautiful, awe-inspiring, and last, One of the best trips made during but not least, of some very practi their stay was up the Ledge Trail cal and much-needed knowledge. to Glacier Point and back by way The particular organization reof the Eleven-Mile Trail, on which ferred to here hailed from Pomona, they were again conducted most of California, and was made up of 75 the way to the rim of the valley by unusually energetic boys, accomDr. Bryant. panied by 15 prominently associated Having been assigned to give the business and professional men, actboys a talk on geology at their ing as leaders and drivers. Thirteen camp, I found them unusually attars, with a truck carrying the tentive and eager to learn, while I camping equipment, left southern outlined for them some points of California on June 19, stayed in the the geologic history of the valley. Yosemite National Park six days, On the following day I had the and left by way of Tuolumne Meapleasure of escorting the entire dows and the Tioga Pass to Mono troop of boys through the museum, lake and down the Owens valley where they found an opportunity to road, returning home after coversee all the 'exhibits and ask many mg nearly 1600 miles of grandeur questions. unexcelled on the Pacific coast. From my short time spent with Camping near the foot of Grizzly the Boys' Brigade, I could not help Giant in the Mariposa grove of Big but feel that this group had beneTrees, this organization. after leavfited from our contacts with them ing the hot interior valley, obtained and that our time had been well their first impression of what the spent in serving them. Truly, these national park service has to offer. boys now know much more of the That evening Dr. H. C. Bryant gave significance of national parks than them an inspirational camp fire could have been the case had there talk covering the giant sequoia q nd been no Yosemite Nature Guide related forest trees. Need I iur'ii tiervice.

It may be said, too, that the pubopportunity to meet such groups lie spirited citizens of Pomona who and incoming organizations are asmade possible such an outing have sured of nature guide service if contributed importantly in spreadthey but make contact with the ing the message of national parks. park naturalist's office in advance The national park service welcomes of their arrival in the park.

NATIONAL PARKS EDUCATIONAL COMMITTEE TO MEET

By C. P. Russell What promises to be the most imstructive value. portant event, to date, in the busiThese men are: ness of thoroughly founding and Dr. H. C. Rumpus, chairman execorganizing the educational work of utive committee, American Associanational parks, will take place in lion of museums. Yellowstone on July 2. Five leadDr. J. C. Merrian, president of the ing scientists, appointed by SecreCarnegie Institution. tary Work of the interior departDr. H. C. Bryant, director of edurnent, will meet for the purpose of cation, California Fish and Game considering the broad question of Commission, and originator of eduaulult education in the national park cational work in national parks. system, as a whole. A study of Dr. Vernon Kellogg, secretary needs will he made and a report National Research Council. rendered, which will enable the naDr. Frank R. Castler, national Urinal park service to proceed with park worker. assurance that further efforts in Chief Naturalist A. F. Hall will the way of a general educational accompany the committee as secreprogram will have permanent contary.—C. P. Russell.

MUSEUM CAMPFIRES

By C. P. Russell A tradition of the Yosemite pointed by the school, are particiSchool of Field Natural History is pated in by students, staff memfound in the weekly museum camp bet's of the educational department l'Ires, held each Tuesday during the and visitors. Songs, informal leeweeks of the school session. The tures and open discussions differenprograrns presented on these occatiate these camp fires from the usMons are quite informal in characual entertainment offered at Yoter and, although they are practisemite resorts. All park visitors rally unadvertised, attract a crowd who appreciate association with naof nature lovers that taxes the area ture enthusiasts are invited to be provided at the rear of the museum present. building. Dates of future meetings are as The programs, which are planned follows : July 3, 10, 17, 24 and 31.and organized by a committee upt'. 1'. Russell.

RECENT MUSEUM ACCESSIONS

By C.P. Russell Readers of Yosemite Nature Mrs. Maude M. Richardson preNotes have, no doubt, observed sented a photograph of "Old that a wealth of exhibit material Drake," Sierra guide and owner of and books have recently been acDrakesbad resort. The same donor cessioned by the Yosemite Museum. gave a letter mailed from Yosemite Gradually park visitors are coming in 1863, which contains interesting to a realization of the importance sidelights on Yosemite's affairs of of preserving relics that in any way that time. portray those past events, record Very useful books were obtained of which threatens to be lost to fufrom Mrs. F. T. Bisknell, director ture generations. Good co-operaof the California Audubon Society, tion from editors of the state and Inc. These books are "California numerous friends of the National Fish and Game," Vols. 3 to 13, 1917 Park Service has aided greatly iri to 1927 inclusive, bound; Wymen advertising the fact that Yosemite and Burnell, "Field Book of Bird has a creditable repository for of the Southwestern U. S."; E. C these priceless memorabilia. Jaeger, "The Mountain Trees of George D. Pratt, president of the Southern California"; and F. M American Forestry Association, preFultz, "The Elfin Forest." sented some fifty dollars worth of Mrs. E. L. Guthrie gave twelve needed photographic equipment for feet of strung clam shell currency the museum dark room. of Indian origin and a Colt revolAn lis79 photo of the Standard ver, 36 calibre. This last relic is Mill of Bodie was received from L. the interesting model of 1860 that i :. Aubury. This interesting pic was altered by the Colt factory to ture finds a place among the Mono use metallic cartridges. country exhibits. W. P. Bartlett gave a copy of A specimen of Plumas county his book, "Happenings," which conIndian basketry was obtained from tains much of value to students of Otto A. Weihe. Sierra history. The Yosemite Natural History AsTwo volumes and two pamphlets sociation expended $25 for a plate on Iowa history were received front glass case in which to exhibit "Old Mrs. David White. Horny's" skull. Vol. I of Abram's "Illustrated A photo of James Halstead, forFlora of the Pacific States " was mer proprietor of the Hazel Green purchased by the Yosemite Natural Hotel, on the Coulterville road, and History Association. a picture of the Hazel Green Hotel Vaughn McCaughey gave a fil as it appeared in 1874 were obtained of 1927 and 1928 "Sierra Educational News from Mrs. Jeanette Traxler. News."

YOSEMITE NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK CALIFORNIA

SMITE MUSEUM

llkr Friend: Here are three good reasons why you should come a member of the Yosemite Natural History Assaation : 1. It will keep you in touch with Yosemite through "Yosemite Nature Notes". 2. It offers you opportunity to secure NATURE MAGAZINE,

AMERICAN

FORESTS AND FOREST LIFE, or both, at an unprecedented low price. 3. You materially aid a non-profiting Government educational activity (The Yosemite Museum and its attendant nature guide service) when you remit your membership fee. Please read a sample of "Yosemite Nature tes",.consider our purposes, and don't overlook the efits of the combination offers with the American ture Association and the American Forestry AssociaOn. Remit by check or money order. Cordially yours, C. P. Russell Park Naturalist